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Yuri Knorozov
Yuriy Valentinovich Knorozov (alternatively Knorosov; (ロシア語:Ю́рий Валенти́нович Кноро́зов); November 19, 1922 – March 31, 1999) was a Soviet linguist,〔See Charles Phillips, ''The Illustrated Encyclopedia of the Aztec and Maya'' (2009).〕 epigrapher and ethnographer, who is particularly renowned for the pivotal role his research played in the decipherment of the Maya script, the writing system used by the pre-Columbian Maya civilization of Mesoamerica.
== Early life ==
Knorozov was born in a village near Kharkiv in Ukraine, at that time the capital of the newly formed Ukrainian Socialist Soviet Republic.〔The Ukrainian SSR was incorporated as a constituent republic of the Soviet Union on December 30, 1922, barely a month after Knorozov's birth. Among other momentous changes, the Republic was also suffering from the after-effects of the Russian famine of 1921.〕 His parents were Russian intellectuals, and his paternal grandmother had been a stage actress of national repute in Armenia.〔Under the pseudonym "Мари Забель" ("Mary Zabel"). See Ershova (2000, 2002).〕
At school, the young Yuri was a difficult and somewhat eccentric student, who made indifferent progress in a number of subjects and was almost expelled for poor and willful behaviour. However, it became clear that he was academically bright with an inquisitive temperament; he was an accomplished violinist, wrote romantic poetry and could draw with accuracy and attention to detail.〔Ershova (2000)〕
In 1940 at the age of 17, Knorozov left Kharkiv for Moscow where he commenced undergraduate studies in the newly created Department of Ethnology〔MSU's Department of Ethnology was created only the year before, in 1939; see ("Department of Ethnology" ), MSU History Faculty.〕 at Moscow State University's faculty of History. He initially specialised in Egyptology.〔Ershova (2002); Hammond (1999)〕
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